Patterned hair loss (PHL) affects around 50% of the adult population worldwide.\nThe negative impact that this condition exerts on peopleâ??s life quality has boosted the appearance\nof over-the-counter products endowed with hair-promoting activity. Nutraceuticals enriched in\npolyphenols have been recently shown to promote hair growth and counteract PHL. Malus pumila\nMiller cv. Annurca is an apple native to Southern Italy presenting one of the highest contents of\nProcyanidin B2. We have recently shown that oral consumption of Annurca polyphenolic extracts\n(AAE) stimulates hair growth, hair number, hair weight and keratin content in healthy human\nsubjects. Despite its activity, the analysis of the molecular mechanism behind its hair promoting\neffect is still partially unclear. In this work we performed an unprecedented metabolite analysis\nof hair follicles (HFs) in mice topically treated with AAE. The metabolomic profile, based on a\nhigh-resolution mass spectrometry approach, revealed that AAE re-programs murine HF metabolism.\nAAE acts by inhibiting several NADPH dependent reactions. Glutaminolysis, pentose phosphate\npathway, glutathione, citrulline and nucleotide synthesis are all halted in vivo by the treatment of\nHFs with AAE. On the contrary, mitochondrial respiration ... oxidation and keratin production are\nstimulated by the treatment with AAE. The metabolic shift induced by AAE spares amino acids from\nbeing oxidized, ultimately keeping them available for keratin biosynthesis.
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