Ship detection in heavy sea clutter is a big challenge for over-the-horizon (OTH) radar. Wideband signal is helpful for\nimproving range resolution and the signal-to-clutter ratio. In this paper, to support OTH radar employing wideband in\ncochannel interference, we propose environmental sensing-based waveform (ESBW) strategy, by considering transmit\nwaveform design as an active approach and cognitive loop for the time-varying environment. In ESBW strategy, OTH\nradar monitors the environment in real time, estimates interference characteristics, designs transmit waveform\nadaptively, and employs traditional signal processing structure to detect targets in the presence of interference. ESBW\noptimization problem employs the criteria of maximizing the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of\nmatched filter and similarity constraint for reasonable range resolution and sidelobe levels. The analytic solution to\nthis constrained problem is developed, so that ESBW design algorithm�s efficiency is guaranteed, with adjustable SINR\nand autocorrelation function. A simulated scenario with strong interference and colored noise has been introduced.\nSimulation results demonstrate that OTH radar with ESBW strategy detects the target successfully in the background\nof cochannel interference
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