The classical model of vehicle routing problem (VRP) generally minimizes either the total vehicle travelling distance or the total\nnumber of dispatched vehicles. Due to the increased importance of environmental sustainability, one variant ofVRPs that minimizes\nthe total vehicle fuel consumption has gainedmuch attention. The resulting fuel consumption VRP (FCVRP) becomes increasingly\nimportant yet difficult.We present a mixed integer programmingmodel for the FCVRP, and fuel consumption ismeasured through\nthe degree of road gradient. Complexity analysis of FCVRP is presented through analogy with the capacitated VRP. To tackle\nthe FCVRP�s computational intractability, we propose an efficient two-objective hybrid local search algorithm (TOHLS). TOHLS\nis based on a hybrid local search algorithm (HLS) that is also used to solve FCVRP. Based on the Golden CVRP benchmarks,\n60 FCVRP instances are generated and tested. Finally, the computational results show that the proposed TOHLS significantly\noutperforms the HLS.
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