To solve the problems associated with multiple-vehicle simulations of railway vehicles including large scale modelling, long\ncomputing time, low analysis efficiency, need for high performance computing, and large storage space, the middle part of the\ntrain where no plastic deformation occurs in the vehicle body was simplified using mass and beam elements. Comparative analysis\nof the collisions between a single railway vehicle (including head and intermediate vehicles before, and after, simplification) and\na rigid wall showed that variations in impact kinetic energy, internal energy, and impact force (after simplification) are consistent\nwith those of the unsimplified model. Meanwhile, the finite element model of a whole high-speed train was assembled based on\nthe simplified single-vehicle model. The numbers of nodes and elements in the simplified finite element model of the whole train\nwere 63.4% and 61.6%, respectively, compared to those of the unsimplified model.Thesimplified whole train model using the above\nmethod was more accurate than the multibody model. In comparison to the full-size finite element model, it is more specific, had\nmore rapid computational speed, and saved a large amount of computational power and storage space. Finally, the velocity and\nacceleration data for every car were discussed through the analysis of the collision between two simplified trains at various speeds.
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