Background: This study evaluated the antibacterial efficiency and ability of propolis to promote regeneration of\nimmature permanent non-vital dogsâ?? teeth.\nMethods: Ninety six immature permanent premolars teeth in 6 mongrel dogs were divided randomly into:\nexperimental teeth (N = 72) and control teeth (N = 24). Periapical pathosis was induced in all experimental and\npositive control teeth. Experimental teeth were classified according to the used intra-canal medication into: group I\n(N = 36), propolis paste was used and group II (N = 36), triple antibiotic paste (TAP) was used. Bacteriologic\nsamplings were collected before and after exposure to intra-canal medicaments. After the disinfection period (3\nweeks), revascularization was induced in all experimental teeth. Each group was subdivided according to the root\ncanal orifice plug into: subgroup A (N = 18), propolis paste was used and subgroup B (N = 18), mineral trioxide\naggregates (MTA) was used. Each subgroup was further subdivided according to the evaluation period into 3\nsubdivisions (6 teeth each): subdivision 1; after 2 weeks, subdivision 2; after one month and subdivision 3; after 2\nmonths. Positive control group had 12 teeth with induced untreated periapical pathosis. Negative control group\nhad 12 untouched sound teeth. All teeth were evaluated with radiography and histology. The bacteriologic and\nradiographic data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests. The histologic data\nwere analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroniâ??s adjustment and Chi-square test. The\nsignificance level was set at P less than equal to .05.\nResults: There was no significant difference in the antibacterial effectiveness between TAP and propolis groups\n(P > .05). In all subdivisions, there was no significant difference between the experimental groups in terms of\nincrease in root length and dentin thickness, decrease in apical closure, new hard tissue formation, vital tissue\nformation inside the pulp canal and apical closure scores (P > .05).\nConclusion: Propolis can be comparable with TAP as a disinfection treatment option in regenerative endodontic.\nAs a root canal orifice plug after revascularization of necrotic immature permanent teeth in dogs, propolis induces a\nprogressive increase in root length and dentin thickness and a decrease in apical diameter similar to those of MTA.
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