Background: This study examines how prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors differ\nby ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) among rural southwest Chinese adults.\nMethods: A cross-sectional survey of 7027 adults aged greater than equal to35 years of Han and four ethnic minority group descent\n(Na Xi, Li Shu, Dai, and Jing Po) was used to derive prevalence of tobacco smoking and exposure to secondhand\nsmoke (SHS) as well as alcohol consumption and physical activity data. Anthropometric measurements were also\ntaken, including height, weight, and waist and hip circumference, as well as blood pressure (BP) and fasting blood\nglucose (FBG) measurements.\nResults: Current smoking and drinking status were the top two CVD risk factors in the study population. Dai ethnic\nminority participants had the highest prevalence of hypertension, obesity, and central obesity, whereas Jing Po\nethnic minority participants had the highest prevalence of current smoking status, SHS exposure, and current\ndrinking status (P < 0.01). Han participants had the highest prevalence of diabetes and physical inactivity (P < 0.01).\n11.1% of all participants did not have any of the studied CVD risk factors, while 68.6% of Han, 60.2% of Na Xi, 50.7%\nof Li Shu, 82.2% of Dai, and 73.0% of Jing Po participants had clustering of two or more CVD risk factors. Prevalence\nof CVD risk factor clusters increased with age (P < 0.01). Males and individuals with lower education levels and lower\nannual household income were more likely to have CVD risk factors than their counterparts (P < 0.01).\nConclusion: Clustering of CVD risk factors is common in rural southwest China. Ethnicity and individual SES\nsignificantly impact prevalence of CVD risk factors and their clustering.
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