Background: Nitrous oxide/oxygen (N2O/O2 50%/50%) is an effective and safe technique for procedural sedation in paediatric settings; however, the knowledge, use and perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding N2O/O2 remain limited. Aim: To investigate the knowledge, use and perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding N2O/O2 in maternal–infant and emergency units. Study Design: A cross- sectional study was conducted (March to December 2024) using (i) a sociodemographic information tool and (ii) a 16- item questionnaire assessing knowledge, clinical use, perceived barriers and willingness to adopt N2O/O2. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Of 113 respondents, 40.7% reported currently using N2O/O2 in their clinical units, while 91.0% of non- users expressed willingness to adopt it. Barriers included lack of equipment (92.9%) and training (84.1%). 91.1% considered N2O/O2 ethically acceptable, consistent with principles of beneficence, non- maleficence and child comfort. Employment in emergency units and holding a three- year nursing degree were significant predictors of N2O/O2 use. Conclusions: Limited Use of N2O/O2 in Italian Paediatrics Contrasts With Strong Professional Interest. Improving Training and Resources Could Enhance Access to Safe Paediatric Sedation. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Training, equipment and guidelines are needed to translate willingness into real clinical practice, improving the safety and consistency of paediatric sedation.
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