Many researchers worldwide have extensively used fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening materials and near-surface\nmounted (NSM) to enhance the shear and flexural strengths of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. However, studies on torsional\nstrengthening are limited. Although a few studies have focused on torsional strengthening, none of them simultaneously investigated\ntorsion with shear and/or bending moment. This study aims at demonstrating the behaviour of RC beams strengthened\nwith FRP sheets (strips) with different configurations and NSM steel bars with different spacing that was subjected to combined\nactions of torsion and bending moment and making a comparison between them. Seven beams with a dimension of\n15 * 25 * 200 cm were casted. One of the beams was not strengthened; three of them were strengthened with carbon FRP, and the\nothers were strengthened with NSM steel bar. The angle of twist at torque intervals, first cracking torque, ultimate torque, and\nultimate twist angle of the conventional and strengthened beams during the testing process are compared. Results show a\nsignificant improvement in the torsional performance of RC beams using carbon FRP and NSM steel bar. The test beams that were\nstrengthened with CFRP wrapping showed better enhancement in the ultimate torsional moment as opposed to the beams that\nwere strengthened with NSM steel bar.
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