A novel all-solid-state, hybrid solar cell based on organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbX3)materials has attracted\ngreat attention fromthe researchers all over the world and is considered to be one of the top 10 scientific breakthroughs in 2013. The\nperovskite materials can be used not only as light-absorbing layer, but also as an electron/hole transport layer due to the advantages\nof its high extinction coefficient, high charge mobility, long carrier lifetime, and long carrier diffusion distance.The photoelectric\npower conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells has increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 22.1% in 2016, making perovskite solar\ncells the best potential candidate for the new generation of solar cells to replace traditional silicon solar cells in the future. In this\npaper, we introduce the development and mechanism of perovskite solar cells, describe the specific function of each layer, and\nfocus on the improvement in the function of such layers and its influence on the cell performance. Next, the synthesis methods of\nthe perovskite light-absorbing layer and the performance characteristics are discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the\ndevelopment of perovskite solar cells are also briefly presented.
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