In the past few decades, considerable attention has been made on the discovery and development of novel drug delivery system (NDDS). Different types of pharmaceutical carriers such as particulate, polymeric, macromolecular and cellular vesicles are discovered. Out of them, vesicles are ideal means of drug delivery that can enhance bioavailability of encapsulated drug by various mechanisms viz. controlled, sustained and targeted drug release, penetration enhancement so provide better therapeutic activity. Designing of the drug in the vesicular system has brought a new life to the old pre-existing drugs and thus has improved their therapeutic efficacies by controlling and sustaining the actions. This review mainly focuses on the various aspects related to the vesicular systems including their method of preparations, stability issues associated with them, their applications and drawbacks. A number of vesicular drug delivery systems like Liposomes, Niosomes, Transfersomes and Ethosomes have been developed. Every new system shows one or more advantages over the older vesicular systems. However they are still suffered with various stability issues aggregation, fusion, leaking, sedimentation of vesicles, difficulty in sterilization etc. This review also covers all aspects of provesicular carriers including their properties, applications and advantages over vesicular drug carrier systems. This review would be helpful for researchers working in the area of vesicular drug delivery and provesicular drug delivery systems.
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