It is a cosmopolitan disease due to the embryonic shape of Taenia of the dog echinococcosis granulose. It is the disease which puts a real problem of public health in our country. We reported a case of hydatid cyst of the liver in a 32-year-old man who originally lived in India and had migrated to Andhra Pradesh 2 years earlier. He presented with right upper quadrant pain and intermittent low-grade fever. Both sonography and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a cystic lesion with vesicles at its periphery in segments 6 and 7 of the liver. A hydatid cyst was diagnosed. The patient underwent radical excision of the cyst with total removal without opening the wall. He also received pre- and postoperative oral mebendazole. Pathology showed a hydatid cyst consisting of three layers: the inner single nucleated geminal layer, the middle acellular laminated layer and the outer pericyst originating from inflammatory and hepatic cells. This case highlights that accurate preoperative diagnosis of hydatid disease can be made from personal history; typical sonography and CT study in non-endemic areas. A laparoscopic approach is safe in some situations. Percutaneous drainage with albendazole therapy is a safe and effective alternative treatment for hydatid cysts of the liver. Radical surgery with pre- and post-operative administration of albendazole is the best treatment option for liver hydatid cysts due to low recurrence and complication rates.
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