Thyroid gland is the major endocrine gland of the body. The pituitary thyroid system is responsible for regulating daily function of many biological systems by producing thyroid hormones, the principal ones being triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine. Thyroid hormones (T3, T4) are essential for normal development and growth. The most common problems of the thyroid gland consist of an overactive thyroid gland, referred to as hyperthyroidism, and an underactive thyroid gland, referred to as hypothyroidism. Antithyroid agents can be effectively used in hyperthyroidism. Most commonly used anti-thyroid agents include thioamides, iodides, radioactive iodine and adrenergic blockers. Thyroid gland diseases, their treatment and screening methods of antithyroid agents are discussed briefly in this review.
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