Background: Xenogeneic bone has been widely used in a variety of clinical bonerelated\ndisease to promote bone healing and restore bone defects. However, the\nadverse effects of immune system limit its application in the clinic. The aim of this\nstudy was to evaluate xenogeneic bone safety of immunotoxicity and explore the\nmethods for immune risk supervision.\nResults: Xenogeneic bone, which is freeze-dried bovine cancellous bone, was\nimplanted into the muscle of mice. On day 7, 14 and 28, the effects of xenogeneic\nbone were examined on humoral immunity and cellular immunity, including the levels\nof IgG, IgM, C3, inflammatory factors (TNF-a, IL-6), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the\nlymphocyte phenotype. The data showed that xenogeneic bone implantation had\nno potential to induce immune responses not only in humoral immunity but also\nin cellular immunity. To reveal the risk of immunogenicity, the residual DNA and the\nclearance of a-gal epitope were analyzed in 2 different bones (bone 1 is deproteinized\nbone, bone 2 is acellular and defatted bone). It was suggested that DNA of xenogeneic\nbone can be limited to < 50 ng per mg dry weight for the repair or regeneration with\nthe acceptable immune risk. And a-gal clearance of xenogeneic bone could be an\neffective risk factor for improving xenograft quality management.\nConclusions: Through the detection of xenogeneic bone immunotoxicity, our findings\nindicated that the supervisions of risk factors could contribute to reduce the\nimmune risk. And the risk factors under the acceptable limitation could decrease or\nreplace animal experiment. However, it still needs to be studied on the limitation of\na-gal epitope to predict rejection of xenogeneic bone more accurately.
Loading....