A continuous evolution of requirements and standards sheds over the development\nof new vehicles (for example EuroNCAP ratings) in order to create competition between same\nmarket models customer related. The low speed impact protection has to be permanently\nimproved as the damage of the front end structure of the vehicle to be reduced to minimal. As a\nconsequence, a lower damage implies less repair costs and therefore a lower insurance\ncategory. The front end structure, including the bumper, responds for the absorption of the\nkinetic energy created during the impact with maximum efficiency in order to avoid the large\ndeformation of structural components. This is only one of the constraints that the front end\nstructure has to cope with, additionally we can mention the dimensioning of the front end of\nthe vehicle which can affect the packaging, which is mainly influenced by the design, styling\nand the pedestrian requirements intended to be accomplished by the vehicle. The present paper\nfocuses on the low speed urban impact, offering an overview over the actual state, the load\nconfiguration, the applicable regulation, the challenging requirements of a modern front\nstructure, which the modern bumper has to comply with and the finite element simulation of\nthis kind of test.
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