The vesicular approach of drug delivery is mainly comprised of the colloidal particles formed as a concentric bio molecular layer that are capable of encapsulating drugs inside themselves. They are usually employed to deliver the associated drug through the q, into the deeper tissues and systemic circulation. These carriers are composed of the lipids similar to the lipids present in the stratum corneum. These Structures consist of either a stack of multi-bilayer or a large number of single lipid bilayer, in the form of closed vesicles. These vesicles are utilized as a useful model representing the biological membranes and act as a well-situated medium intended for the delivery of a variety of agents. Ethosomes are the advanced approach to vesicular delivery comprised of hydroalcoholic phospholipid in which the concentration of ethanol is relatively in the range of 20-50%. The synergistic effect of comparatively high concentration of ethanol in Ethosomes has been the main reason intended for their superior skin permeability by simultaneously getting squeezed and causing the disruption on lipid bilayers present in the stratum corneum. Various drugs when associated with an ethosomes appear to have much more efficient delivery systems than classic vesicular approaches. For example, Bacitracin, a polypeptide antibiotic, was delivered from ethosomes to a depth of 200 μm in a human cadaver skin, whereas its delivery of classic liposomes was negligible. Study with an ethosomal erythromycin demonstrated an improved antibacterial action, flux of Trihexyl phenidyl Hydrochloride an anti-Parkinsonian agent was substantially higher than that from conventional liposomes. Similar results have been reported for Propranolol Hydrochloride and Sodium Diclofenac. Ethosomal formulations of testosterone have been compared with marketed transdermal patches, shows significantly higher AUC and Cmax values.
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