Most water table aquifers are polluted, yet they are the primary sources of urban and rural water supply.\nSustainable hydrology in this millennium will capture in-situ treatment and protection of shallow\naquifers particularly in developing countries. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB), biological and\nelectrochemical methods with air and steam injection techniques will advance. Ex-situ pump and treat\nmethod is slow, costly and unsustainable. Many private treatment plants for pump-treat-use have been\nabandoned due to unsatisfactory output and operational problems. In-situ treatment of polluted aquifer\nstarts with mapping pollution source(s), identifying stressors and migration pathway, estimating\nquantum of stress, and terminating release of stressors from the source. Sustainable hydrology shall\nalso include developing hydrologic models code that can predict pollution, treatment method; amount\nand period of treatment. This shall be based on the characteristics of the aquifers; the pollution stress\nand the subsurface.
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