Through evolution of building design codes in active seismic regions, life safety performance limit state has been met.\nUnacceptably high economic loss during the 1994 Northridge and 1995 Kobe earthquakes, however, has brought forward a new design\nparadigm: performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE). In this study, the PBEE is extended to study: (1) effect of three earthquake\ntypes, namely shallow crustal earthquakes, deep in-slab earthquakes, and megathrust Cascadia interface earthquakes, on loss assessment;\n(2) consideration of main shockââ?¬â??aftershock (MS-AS) sequences as earthquake excitation; and (3) multivariate seismic demand modeling for\nmulti criteria seismic performance evaluation. This is applied to a 4-story non ductile reinforced concrete (RC) frame located in Victoria,\nBritish Columbia (BC), Canada. Through this case study, it is highlighted that the sources of ground motion have significant effects on loss\nassessment. Furthermore, influences of MS-AS earthquake sequences and multivariate seismic demand models on the expected seismic loss ratios\nare in the order of 10%. In light of this, for any future seismic risk management, it is proposed to have an evolutionary assessment framework\nthat is adaptive to the current state of scientific knowledge and evidence.
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