Metabolic disorders that involve elevations of lipoproteins species are termed as hyperlipidemias. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of Thespesia populnea was carried out for presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, terpenoids and proteins in EETP. DPPH radical scavenging activity of EETP at various concentrations was done. High fat diet developed hyperlipidemia in rats but in the presence of fifteen days treatment of EETP and atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.0001) reduced elevated cholesterol and triglycerides level in comparison with HFD group. EETP 400 mg/kg found to be more antihypercholesteromic. EETP 200 mg/kg and EETP 400 mg/kg caused 36% and 44% reduction in TC level respectively in dose dependant manner. EETP treatment caused significant (P<0.0001) decrease liver cholesterol and increase in fecal cholesterol content. It reveals that EETP possess significant HMG CoA reductase inhibitory activity. Thus, it was presumed that the mode of action of EETP may similar to that of atrovastatin. Oral administration of EETP and atorvastatin prevented the high fat diet induced elevation of MDA in the liver homogenates. In our study, a rise in liver GSH level was observed in EETP as well as atorvastatin treated rats. It may be due to an increased biosynthesis of GSH or improved glutathione reductase activity in the presence of EETP. Oral feeding of EETP and atorvastatin resulted in reversal of decline of SOD and CAT levels in rats treated with high fat diet. We hypothesize that EETP exerted a beneficial effect by controlling ROS formation.
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