Background: Rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in logistics enhances operational efficiency and firm performance; however, empirical evidence on its capability‑driven impact remains limited, particularly in Saudi Arabia’s e‑commerce sector. This study’s purpose is to examine the influence of AI on logistics firm performance through the mediation role of supply chain consistency and logistics capabilities. Methods: A quantitative study was conducted and data were collected using a convenience sampling technique from 275 employees working in the Saudi Arabian logistics firms. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used to perform data analysis. Results: The study findings indicated that AI usage has significant and positive influence on supply chain consistency (β = 0.290) and logistics capabilities (β = 0.303). Furthermore, supply chain consistency (β = 0.115) and logistics capabilities (β = 0.171) play mediating role between AI usage and firm performance. The research model exhibits substantial predictive capability, explaining 74.6% (R2 = 0.746) of the variance in firm performance, while AI usage explains a smaller portion of the variance in supply chain consistency 8.4% (R2 = 0.084) and logistics capabilities 9.2% (R2 = 0.092). Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that AI‑based logistics operations provide extensive support to streamline operations and reduce costs.
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