With the continuous development and progress of the socio-economy in recent years, various sectors within the socio-economic development have been advocating the concept of sustainable development. Along with the improvement of the production level of enterprises and the continuous growth of the economy, the increasingly deteriorating ecological environment has risen to the status of an international strategic concern. The grim situation of the ecological environment has to some extent hindered the sustainable development of society. To promote the sustainable development of the economy in the financial sector, green finance has emerged. As a key component of sustainable development, green finance has attracted attention worldwide. China, as one of the world’s largest developing countries, faces unique economic and environmental challenges. This study aims to explore the impact of green finance on sustainable development in China through empirical research, aiming to fill the research gap in this field. The research findings indicate that China’s green finance products and services have played a positive role in sustainable development. The promotion of green finance is related to the growth of the renewable energy industry, reduction in carbon emissions, and investment in ecological conservation. Specifically, the development of green finance promotes the growth of the Chinese economy, the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure, and guides a low-carbon economy through energy conservation and emission reduction, thereby promoting economic sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to actively cultivate the strength of green finance, vigorously promote the green transformation and upgrading of the regional industrial structure, and implement measures such as carbon finance to promote the development of a low-carbon economy nationwide, in order to promote the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.
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