Background: Ethiopia is one of the most seriously HIV affected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Anemia is a known\npredictor of disease progression and death among HIV infected patients. In this study, we investigated the magnitude\nand correlates of anemia among HIV infected patients receiving HAART at a referral hospital in Ethiopia.\nMethods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from November 2011 to February 2012 in Zewditu Memorial\nHospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Records of 1061 patients on HAART were selected using simple random sampling\ntechnique. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients were collected using standardized data\nextraction instrument. Data were analyzed using STATA version 11.0. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were\nused to quantify the strength of association between anemia and its potential predictors.\nResults: The prevalence of anemia at baseline was 42.9%. However, the prevalence significantly decreased to 20.9% at\n6 months (p < 0.001) and to 14.3% at 12 months (p = 0.001) after HAART initiation. At baseline, male sex (AOR = 1.55;\n95% CI: 1.18-2.03), clinical stage III/IV (AOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.45-2.83) and TB co-infection (AOR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.08-2.13)\nwere independently associated with the odds of being anemic. After 6 months of HAART, male sex (AOR = 1.59; 95% CI:\n1.13-2.23), baseline anemia (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.71-3.33) and TDF-based HAART (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.80-4.60) were\nindependently associated with the odds of being anemic. Besides, anemia was independently associated with older\nage at 6 months. After 12 months of HAART, baseline anemia (AOR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.36-2.97), age group 25ââ?¬â??34 years\n(AOR = 5.92; 95% CI: 1.39-25.15), age group 45ââ?¬â??54 years (AOR = 4.78; 95% CI: 1.07-21.36), CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3\n(AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.21-3.82) and 200ââ?¬â??350 cells/mm3 (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.13-3.25) were independently associated\nwith the odds of being anemic.\nConclusions: Although a remarkable reduction in the prevalence of anemia was observed following initiation of HAART,\na significant proportion of HIV patients remained anemic after 12 months of HAART suggesting the need for routine\nscreening and proper treatment of anemia to mitigate its adverse effects.
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