Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus are the two most devastating global health problems\ncausing more than two million deaths each year. Hematological abnormalities such as anemia, thrombocytopenia\nand leucopenia are the common complications in malaria and HIV co-infected individuals. The aim of this study\nwas to determine the effect of malaria infection on hematological profiles of people living with HIV attending\nGambella Hospital ART clinic, Southwestern Ethiopia.\nObjective: To determine the effect of malaria infection on hematological profiles of people living with HIV\nattending Gambella Hospital ART clinic, Southwestern Ethiopia.\nMethods: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May 25 to November 11, 2014 in\nGambella Hospital. A total of 172 adult people living with HIV (86 malaria infected and 86 malaria non-infected)\nparticipants were included in the study. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected. Venous\nblood samples and stool specimen were collected for laboratory analysis. Microscopic examination of peripheral\nblood films was done for detection of malaria parasites. Descriptive statistics, student T- test, bivariable and\nmultivariable analyses were performed using SPSS V-20. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.\nResults: A total of 172 adult people living with HIV were included in the study. The prevalence of anemia,\nthrombocytopenia and leucopenia in malaria and HIV co-infected participants were 60.5%, 59.3%, and 43.0%,\nrespectively. Resident (AOR: 4.67; 95% CI: 1.44, 15.14), malaria infection (AOR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.16, 5.04) and CD4\n+\ncount were predictors for anemia. A predictor for thrombocytopenia was malaria infection (AOR: 9.79; 95% CI: 4.33,\n22.17). Malaria parasitic density (AOR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.57) and CD4\n+ count (AOR: 4.77; 95% CI: 1.23, 18.45) were\npredictors of leucopenia.\nConclusions: Findings suggest that the prevalence of anemia and thrombocytopenia were significantly higher in the\nmalaria and HIV coinfected participants than the HIV mono-infected participants. Mean values of hematological profiles\nwere significantly different in the two groups. Future prospective studies with larger sample size from other settings\nare needed to substantiate the findings.
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