The aim of the present study was to measure\nlanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), europium (Eu), and gadolinium\n(Gd) concentrations in human semen and correlate\nthe results with sperm quality. The median semen content\nof La was 19.5 lg kg-1 dry weight (dw) (range 2.27ââ?¬â??269),\nof Ce was 41.9 lg kg-1 dw (range 4.52 to 167), of Eu was\n0.68 lg kg-1 dw (range 0.06ââ?¬â??1.95), of Gd was\n3.19 lg kg-1 dw (range 0.38ââ?¬â??12.0), and of calcium (Ca)\nwas 4063 mg kg-1 dw (range 484ââ?¬â??17,191). Concentrations\nof La, Ce, Eu, Gd, and Ca were significantly lower in\nnondrinkersââ?¬â?¢ semen than in semen from drinkers. Significant\ndifferences were detected between La, Ce, Eu, Gd,\nand Ca concentrations in semen from nondrinkers and\nmoderate drinkers. Concentrations of La, Ce, and Gd in\nsemen of short-term smokers were significantly lower than\nthose in extremely long-term smokers. Significant differences\nwere also detected between La concentration in semen\nfrom a group of short-term smokers and that of a\ngroup of long-term smokers. Positive correlations were\nfound between La, Ce, Eu, Gd, and Ca concentrations in
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