Little information exists on the trajectory and determinants of adiponectin, a possible insulin sensitizer and marker for\ninflammation and endothelial function, across the duration of type 1 diabetes. The Wisconsin Diabetes Registry Study followed\nan incident cohort ?30 years of age when diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during 1987ââ?¬â??1992 up to 20-year duration. Adiponectin was\nconcurrently and retrospectively (from samples frozen at ?80?C) measured for those participating in a 20-year exam (n = 304),\nduring 2007ââ?¬â??2011. Adiponectin levels were higher in females, declined through adolescence, and increased with age thereafter.\nLower levels were associated with greater body weight and waist circumference and with higher insulin dose, especially at longer\ndiabetes durations.Higher levels were associated with higher HbA1c and, at longer durations, with higher albumin-creatinine ratio.\nAdiponectin levels showed consistency within individuals that was not explained by these factors. We conclude that markers for\ninsulin resistance are associated with lower adiponectin, andmarkers for potential microvascular complications are associated with\nhigher adiponectin. The previously reported relationship with HbA1c remains largely unexplained. Additional individual specific\nfactors likely also influence adiponectin level. The relationship between adiponectin and urinary protein excretion may enable\nidentification of those predisposed to kidney disease earlier in type 1 diabetes.
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