Background: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) proteins have an important role in counteracting oxidative stress.\nAlthough diabetes and hypothyroidism (HT) are both characterized by oxidative stress, the mechanisms are not\nfully understood. This study investigated the effects of type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and HT on the\nexpression levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).\nMethods: Gene expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SOD2 was measured using real-time PCR. The protein expression of\nSOD2 and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) was measured by the TBARS Assay kit and\nenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively.\nResults: The results showed that the SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels were lower in peripheral blood samples from patients\nwith T1D, T2D, or HT than in healthy individuals. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOD2\nwere higher in all three patient groups. Lipid peroxidation was higher in the patients with HT than in the healthy\nindividuals.\nConclusions: These results indicate alterations in the expression levels of sirtuins and superoxide dismutase in\ndiabetes and HT, which may be related, at least in part, to the oxidative stress. Identifying such alterations in those\npatients will pave the way towards the development of drugs to enhance SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression and their\nactivity to prevent the damaging effect of oxidative stress.
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