Background: Despite increased deliverance of antiretroviral therapy (ART), morbidity and mortality\nfrom TB are still predominant among HIV/AIDS infected patients in Ethiopia. Thus, current\nstudy aimed to determine magnitude and predictors of tuberculosis among cohort of HIV infected\npatients at Arba Minch General Hospital, Ethiopia, 2015. Methods: Hospital based retrospective\nfollow-up study was conducted among study population which was HIV/AIDS infected individuals\nregistered from September 2007 to 2013. The data were collected using structured data abstraction\nform and four ART trained nurses were used to abstract the data. The data were checked for\ncompleteness, cleaned and entered into Epi Info 7.0 and analyzed using SPSS version (IBM-21).\nResults were summarized by using table of frequency, graph, and measure of central tendency.\nStatistical significance was inferred at P- 0.05. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence\ninterval (CI) was used to determine predictors. Result: Four hundred ninety six patient�s\ncharts were abstracted. Cumulative and incidence density of tuberculosis were 21.4% (95% CI:\n21.3, 21.44) and 5.36 per 100 person year respectively. Cigarette smokers (AOR: 2.82, 95% CI\n(1.27 - 6.27)), household with family size of 3 - 4 (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI (1.14 - 4.50)), baseline WHO\nclinical stage III (AOR: 20.26, 95% CI (7.09 - 57.6)) and IV (AOR: 22.9, 95% CI (6.91 - 76.4)) and\nheamoglobin level of <10 (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI (1.22 - 5.33)) were important predictors (risk factors)\nof tuberculosis among HIV infected patients. Conclusion and recommendation: Relatively\nhigh incident tuberculosis cases were established among HIV infected patients and history of cigarette\nsmoking; family size; hemoglobin level and base line WHO clinical stage were responsible\nfor this incidence. Therefore; early initiation of HAART as per current guideline should get stressed,\nand the finding that smoking was important predictors for TB in Ethiopia had obvious TB control\nimplication which required high attention focused on fighting against cigarette smoking among\nHIV infected cohort.
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