Purpose. To investigate in vivo the acute host response to an alternative implant designed for the treatment of stress urinary\nincontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods. A biodegradable scaffold was produced from poly-L-lactic acid\n(PLA) using the electro spinning technique. Human and rat adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated and characterized by\nfluorescence-activated cell sorting and differentiation assays. PLA scaffolds were seeded and cultured for 2 weeks with human or rat\nADSCs. Scaffolds with and without human or rat ADSCs were implanted subcutaneously on the abdominal wall of rats. After 3 and\n7 days, 6 animals from each group were sacrificed. Sections from each sample were analyzed by Haematoxylin and Eosin staining,\nSirius red staining, and immunohistochemistry for CD68, PECAM-1, and collagen I and III. Results. Animals responded to the\nscaffolds with an acute macro phage response. After 7 days of implantation, there was extensive host cell penetration, new blood\nvessel formation, and new collagen deposition throughout the full thickness of the samples without obvious differences between\ncell-containing and cell-free scaffolds. Conclusions. The acute in vivo response to an alternative implant (both with and without\ncells) for the treatment of SUI and POP showed good acute integration into the host tissues.
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