Background: Zirconia materials are known for their optimal aesthetics, but they are\r\nbrittle, and concerns remain about whether their mechanical properties are sufficient\r\nfor withstanding the forces exerted in the oral cavity. Therefore, this study compared\r\nthe maximum deformation and failure forces of titanium implants between titaniumalloy\r\nand zirconia abutments under oblique compressive forces in the presence of\r\ntwo levels of marginal bone loss.\r\nMethods: Twenty implants were divided into Groups A and B, with simulated bone\r\nlosses of 3.0 and 1.5 mm, respectively. Groups A and B were also each divided into\r\ntwo subgroups with five implants each: (1) titanium implants connected to titaniumalloy\r\nabutments and (2) titanium implants connected to zirconia abutments. The\r\nmaximum deformation and failure forces of each sample was determined using a\r\nuniversal testing machine. The data were analyzed using the nonparametric\r\nMannââ?¬â??Whitney test.\r\nResults: The mean maximum deformation and failure forces obtained the subgroups\r\nwere as follows: A1 (simulated bone loss of 3.0 mm, titanium-alloy abutment) =\r\n540.6 N and 656.9 N, respectively; A2 (simulated bone loss of 3.0 mm, zirconia\r\nabutment) = 531.8 N and 852.7 N; B1 (simulated bone loss of 1.5 mm, titaniumalloy\r\nabutment) = 1070.9 N and 1260.2 N; and B2 (simulated bone loss of 1.5 mm,\r\nzirconia abutment) = 907.3 N and 1182.8 N. The maximum deformation force differed\r\nsignificantly between Groups B1 and B2 but not between Groups A1 and A2. The\r\nfailure force did not differ between Groups A1 and A2 or between Groups B1 and\r\nB2. The maximum deformation and failure forces differed significantly between\r\nGroups A1 and B1 and between Groups A2 and B2.\r\nConclusions: Based on this experimental study, the maximum deformation and\r\nfailure forces are lower for implants with a marginal bone loss of 3.0 mm than of\r\n1.5 mm. Zirconia abutments can withstand physiological occlusal forces applied in\r\nthe anterior region.
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