Cutaneous leishmaniases (CL) are endemic in Morocco. They are common in the human population in different localities such\nas Aichoun in Sefrou province, Morocco. This study was carried out in Aichoun locality from April to October 2012 in order to\nstudy the spatiotemporal trends of the main Leishmania phlebotomine vectors in this focus. Overall, 1171 sand flies, belonging to\nfour species, were collected by sticky traps. Phlebotomus sergenti was the predominant species (78.4%) followed by Ph. perniciosus\n(10.5%), Ph. papatasi (7.94%), and Ph. longicuspis (3.16%). Sand flies were active during 6 months (Mayââ?¬â??October). Ph. sergenti, Ph.\nperniciosus, and Ph. papatasi displayed a bimodal distribution with a first peak in July and a second peak in September, while Ph.\nlongicuspis showed a monophasic trend with a peak in August. The high abundance and the lengthy period of activity of Ph. sergenti\nand Ph. perniciosus, vectors of L. tropica and L. infantum, respectively, are a cause for concern as they indicate the high potential\nrisk of Leishmania transmission in the studied areas.
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