Introduction: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is a real public health\nproblem worldwide. The practice guide produced periodically by the American\nCollege of Chest Physicians (ACCP) has become the international standard.\nHowever, thromboprophylaxis remains underused. Methodology: We\ncarried out a descriptive cross-sectional study. The goals of that study were to\nevaluate the effectiveness of the practice of thromboprophylaxis in the various\nmedical services of the Dakar Public Hospitals. Our investigation was conducted\nfor two weeks in September 2017. Results: 160 patients were included\n(81 men and 79 women) in our series, with male predominance: sex ratio of\n1.02. The average age was 48. Infectious pathologies were the predominant\nclinical pictures (35% of cases). The thromboembolic risk factors (RF) mainly\nfound were represented by prolonged bed rest, followed by cardiovascular\n(RF): age greater than 60 years (31.2%), hypertension (8.8%), obesity (4.4%)\nand diabetes (3.8%). The thromboembolic RF of patients hospitalized in these\nmedical services has been evaluated empirically. We noted a lack of use of the\nVTE risk assessment scores. 40.9% (n = 56) of patients received overall VTE\nprophylaxis, a rate corresponding to almost half of those at risk (51.4%). This\nresult reflects an under-use of thromboprophylaxis in the Dakar medical environment\nand a low level of adherence by practicians to the guidelines on\nVTE prophylaxis. Conclusion: It is therefore recommended to develop a\nnational strategy to assess patients at risk for VTE, as well as measures to\neducate and inform doctors about the appropriate forms of thromboprophylaxis.
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