Background: Mobile technologies allow students the opportunity to enhance learning while away from the traditional\r\nclassroom setting. However, educational outcome research is lacking in the use of mobile health (m-health) applications in\r\nhealthcare professional practice development.\r\nObjectives: The aim of this pilot study was to discover whether male and female urinary catheter insertion videos\r\ndelivered via iPods increases students� skills competency and self-confidence levels.\r\nMethods: A prospective replicated study including second year, semester two, undergraduate nursing student participants\r\n(NSP) (N=16) was conducted: nine control participants (no video iPods) and seven intervention participants (video iPods).\r\nNursing students attending a mandatory skills class in a learning resource center (LRC) in a School of Nursing located in\r\nNorthern California were asked to participate in the study. NSP completed a questionnaire regarding previous clinical\r\nexposure to urinary catheterizations and levels of competency and confidence in performing the skills prior to taking a\r\nrequired skills course. Directly following the completion of the questionnaire, the participants� viewed a professional\r\nvideo and a clinical faculty demonstrating the skills. Thereafter the NSP were provided practice time with evaluative\r\nfeedback. At the completion of the class, the intervention group was provided video iPods and the control group was\r\nafforded no technology for a period of two weeks. Following the two weeks, the NSP completed a follow-up questionnaire\r\nand a clinical evaluation of their urinary catheterization skills in the LRC.\r\nResults: Close to zero variation in urinary catheterization competency scores were determined because all of the NSP\r\nscored high in this area and, therefore meaningful comparisons were not determined. The confidence levels for performing\r\nthe catheterization skills did not significantly change by group, procedure, or time and neither were the two-way\r\ninteractions between group and time, nor between procedure and time significant.\r\nConclusions: Video iPods may be used to enhance nursing skills. However, the results of this pilot study do not suggest a\r\nsignificant change in competency or confidence levels in performing the clinical skills. Further investigation is necessary\r\nbecause increasing the number of participants, video-viewing time, and monitoring the length of time-on-learning may\r\nhave a positive influence on future student affect and learning outcomes.
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