The last two decades have seen a strong rise in empirical research in the mechanisms of emotion dysregulation in\nborderline personality disorder. Major findings comprise structural as well as functional alterations of brain regions\ninvolved in emotion processing, such as amygdala, insula, and prefrontal regions. In addition, more specific\nmechanisms of disturbed emotion regulation, e.g. related to pain and dissociation, have been identified. Most\nrecently, social interaction problems and their underlying neurobiological mechanisms, e.g. disturbed trust or\nhypersensitivity to social rejection, have become a major focus of BPD research. This article covers the current state\nof knowledge and related relevant research goals. The first part presents a review of the literature. The second part\ndelineates important open questions to be addressed in future studies. The third part describes the research\nagenda for a large German center grant focusing on mechanisms of emotion dysregulation in BPD.
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