We illustrated the development of a simple pharmacokinetic (SPK) model aiming to estimate the absorbed chlorpyrifos doses\r\nusing urinary biomarker data, 3,5,6-trichlorpyridinol as the model input. The effectiveness of the SPK model in the pesticide\r\nrisk assessment was evaluated by comparing dose estimates using different urinary composite data. The dose estimates resulting\r\nfrom the first morning voids appeared to be lower than but not significantly different to those using before bedtime, lunch or\r\ndinner voids.We found similar trend for dose estimates using three different urinary composite data. However, the dose estimates\r\nusing the SPK model for individual children were significantly higher than those from the conventional physiologically based\r\npharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling using aggregate environmental measurements of chlorpyrifos as the model inputs. The use of\r\nurinary data in the SPK model intuitively provided a plausible alternative to the conventional PBPK model in reconstructing the\r\nabsorbed chlorpyrifos dose.
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