Endophytic fungi were first isolated from the fresh root of the Chinese medicinal plant\nVernonia anthelmintica collected from the Hotan Prefecture within the Xinjiang Autonomous region\nof the Peopleâ??s Republic of China. This plant has been used in Uyghur traditional medicine to\ntreat vitiligo, a skin condition characterized by patches of the skin losing their pigment. In total,\nfifteen fungal strains were isolated. Among these, four endophytic fungi were identified by their\nDNA sequences and registered to GenBank with accession numbers. The isolates were identified\nas Schizophyllum commune XJA1, Talaromyces sp. XJA4, Aspergillus sp. XJA6, Aspergillus terreus XJA8.\nEthyl acetate extracts of all fungal strains were used to quantify melanin content and to identify\nin vitro biological activity assays including antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic and\ntyrosinase activity on B16 cells. Among the extracts of all four identified strains, the ethyl acetate\nextract of the Aspergillus sp. XJA6 was chosen for further characterization because it presented the\nhighest biological activity against these tests. In addition, twenty four volatile compounds from the\npetroleum ether fraction were characterized by GCâ??MS.
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