Withania coagulans (W. coagulans) is well-known in herbal medicinal systems for its high\nbiological potential. Different parts of the plant are used against insomnia, liver complications,\nasthma, and biliousness, as well as it is reported to be sedative, emetic, diuretic, antidiabetic\nantimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antihyperglycemic, cardiovascular,\nimmuno-suppressive and central nervous system depressant. Withanolides present in W. coagulans\nhave attracted an immense interest in the scientific field due to their diverse therapeutic applications.\nThe current study deals with chemical and biological evaluation of chloroform, and n-butanol fractions\nof W. coagulans. The activity-guided fractionation of both extracts via multiple chromatographic\nsteps and structure elucidation of pure isolates using spectroscopies (NMR, mass spectrometry,\nFTIR and UV-Vis) led to the identification of a new withanolide glycoside, withacogulanoside-B\n(1) from n-butanol extract and five known withanolides from chloroform extract [withanolid J (2),\ncoagulin E (3), withaperuvin C (4), 27-hydroxywithanolide I (5), and ajugin E (6)]. Among the tested\ncompounds, compound 5 was the most potent-glucosidase inhibitor with IC50 = 66.7 3.6 microM,\nfollowed by compound 4 (IC50: 407 4.5 microM) and compound 2 (IC50: 683 0.94 microM), while no\nantiglycation activity was observed with the six isolated compounds. Molecular docking was used\nto predict the binding potential and binding site interactions of these compounds as -glucosidase\ninhibitors. Consequently, this study provides basis to discover specific antidiabetic compounds from\nW. coagulans.
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