To evaluate peri-implant bone formation following single or combined systemic administration\nof alendronate and simvastatin in healthy and osteoporotic rats, eighty female Wistar rats were\novariectomized (n = 40) or sham-operated (n = 40). At six weeks, implants were placed in femoral\ncondyles. Then, ovariectomized(OVX) andsham-operated(SHAM) animals receiveddaily subcutaneous\nalendronate (50 g/kg), simvastatin (5 mg/kg), or both, for three weeks. Control animals received\nsubcutaneous saline. Thereafter, specimens were retrieved for biomechanical testing, histological\nevaluation, and bone area (BA%) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC%). In healthy and osteoporotic\nrats, similar (p > 0.05) push-out values were observed for all groups. For BA% analysis, control rats\nshowed similar results for OVX (9.2% 2.4%) and SHAM(11.1% 3.5%) animals. In contrast, single\nor combined drug therapy significantly increased BA% compared to controls in both healthy and\nosteoporotic conditions (p < 0.05). In osteoporotic conditions, alendronate alone showed a superior\neffect on BA% compared to simvastatin alone, or their combination. Systemic alendronate, simvastatin,\nor both showed a similar BIC% compared to controls (p > 0.05). The present study demonstrates that\nsingle or combined systemic alendronate and simvastatin increases bone formation around implants\n(i.e., distance osteogenesis) in healthy and osteoporotic bone conditions. However, these drugs showed\nno beneficial effect on direct bone-to-implant contact or implant fixation.
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