In nuclear reactors cooled by liquid metals, ultrasound is the only type of field that allows obtaining\nimages of the reactor cores and diagnostics of the integrity of the fuel assemblies. The article\ndiscusses the features of the practical realization of ultrasonic imaging systems based on phased\narrays and offers an alternative solution of imaging on the basis of the acoustic lenses of refractive\nand diffraction types. Using lenses eliminates many of the technical and technological problems\nassociated with the development of multi-element phased arrays. It is shown that lens systems allow\nusing traditional methods of transformation of acoustic fields into the visible images by 2D\npiezo matrix and a more promising way of acoustooptical transformation based on coherent optical\ninterferometry.
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