A theoretical and experimental study on the separation method of the incident sound field based on a small-scale vector sensor is\nproposed in this study, with the aim of resolving the problem of separation and acquisition of an incident sound field under the\ninterference of near-field sound scattering from a cylindrical shell in water. The method of identifying and separating sound waves\nobtained under plane wave conditions is extended to complex sound-field conditions. Simulation and experimental results show that the\nvector separation method can greatly reduce the sound pressure amplitude and the phase deviation of the incident sound field, which is\naffected by near-field scattering from the cylindrical surface. The separation accuracy is related to the deviation angle and the distance\nfrom the target surface. The maximum deviation of the pressure amplitude is less than 1 dB, and the phase deviation is less than 3°. This\nmethod can effectively suppress the near-field scattering of the cylindrical shell and improve the separation accuracy of the incident\nsound field. The research results have reference value for a range of practical engineering applications.
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