Current clinical breast imaging modalities include ultrasound, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and the ubiquitous X-ray\r\nmammography. Microwave imaging, which takes advantage of differing electromagnetic properties to obtain image contrast,\r\nshows potential as a complementary imaging technique. As an emerging modality, interpretation of 3D microwave images poses a\r\nsignificant challenge. MR images are often used to assist in this task, and X-ray mammograms are readily available. However, X-ray\r\nmammograms provide 2D images of a breast under compression, resulting in significant geometric distortion. This paper presents\r\na method to estimate the 3D shape of the breast and locations of regions of interest from standard clinical mammograms. The\r\ntechnique was developed using MR images as the reference 3D shape with the future intention of using microwave images. Twelve\r\nbreast shapes were estimated and compared to ground truth MR images, resulting in a skin surface estimation accurate to within\r\nan average Euclidean distance of 10 mm. The 3D locations of regions of interest were estimated to be within the same clinical area\r\nof the breast as corresponding regions seen on MR imaging. These results encourage investigation into the use of mammography\r\nas a source of information to assist with microwave image interpretation as well as validation of microwave imaging techniques.
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