Chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) is a novel combustion technology with inherent separation of carbon dioxide.\r\nTheprocess is a three-step process which utilizes a circulating oxygen carrier to transfer oxygen fromthe combustion air to the fuel.\r\nThe process utilizes two interconnected fluidized bed reactors, an air reactor and a fuel reactor. In the fuel reactor, the metal oxide\r\ndecomposes with the release of gas phase oxygen (step 1), which reacts directly with the fuel through normal combustion (step\r\n2). The reduced oxygen carrier is then transported to the air reactor where it reacts with the oxygen in the air (step 3). The outlet\r\nfrom the fuel reactor consists of only CO2 and H2O, and pure carbon dioxide can be obtained by simple condensation of the steam.\r\nThis paper gives an overview of the research conducted around the CLOU process, including (i) a thermodynamic evaluation, (ii)\r\na complete review of tested oxygen carriers, (iii) review of kinetic data of reduction and oxidation, and (iv) evaluation of design\r\ncriteria. From the tests of various fuels in continuous chemical-looping units utilizing CLOU materials, it can be established that\r\nalmost full conversion of the fuel can be obtained for gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels.
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