With the growing demand of cloud services, cloud data centers (CDCs) can provide flexible resource provisioning in order to\naccommodate the workload demand. In CDCs, the virtual machine (VM) resource allocation problem is an important and\nchallenging issue to provide efficient infrastructure services. In this paper, we propose a unified resource allocation scheme for\nVMs in the CDC system. To provide a fair-efficient solution, we concentrate on the basic concept of Shapley value and adopt its\nvariations to effectively allocate CDC resources. Based on the characteristics of value solutions, we develop novel CPU, memory,\nstorage, and bandwidth resource allocation algorithms. To practically implement our algorithms, application types are assumed as\ncooperative game players, and different value solutions are applied to optimize the resource utilization. Therefore, our four\nresource allocation algorithms are jointly combined as a novel fourfold game model and take various benefits in a rational way\nthrough the cascade interactions while solving comprehensively some control issues. To ensure the growing demand of cloud\nservices, this feature can leverage the full synergy of different value solutions. To check the effectiveness and superiority of our\nproposed scheme, we conduct extensive simulations. The simulation results show that our algorithms have significant performance\nimprovement compared to the existing state-of-the-art protocols. Finally, we summarize our cooperative game-based\napproach and discuss possible major research issues for the future challenges about the cloud-assisted DC resource\nallocation paradigm.
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