Multimedia sensor networks for real-time applications have strict constraints on delay, packet loss, and energy consumption\r\nrequirements. For example, video streaming in a disaster-management scenario requires careful handling to ensure that the endto-\r\nend delay is within the acceptable range and the video is received properly without any distortion. The failure to transmit a\r\nvideo streameffectively occurs formany reasons, including sensor function limitations, excessive power consumption, and a lack of\r\nrouting reliability.We propose a novel mathematical model for quality of service (QoS) route determination that enables a sensor to\r\ndetermine the optimal path for minimising resource use while satisfying the required QoS constraints. The proposed mathematical\r\nmodel uses the Lagrangian relaxation mixed integer programming technique to define critical parameters and appropriate objective\r\nfunctions for controlling the adaptive QoS constrained route discovery process. Performance trade-offs between QoS requirements\r\nand energy efficiency were simulated using the LINGO mathematical programming language.The proposed approach significantly\r\nimproves the network lifetime, while reducing energy consumption and decreasing average end-to-end delays within the sensor\r\nnetwork via optimised resource sharing in intermediate nodes compared with existing routing algorithms.
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