In the past two decades, a significant number of innovative sensing and monitoring systems based on the machine vision-based\ntechnology have been exploited in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM). This technology has some inherent distinctive\nadvantages such as noncontact, nondestructive, long distance, high precision, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and\nlarge-range and multiple-target monitoring. A lot of machine vision-based structural dynamic measurement and structural state\ninspection methods have been proposed. Real-world applications are also carried out to measure the structural physical parameters\nsuch as the displacement, strain/stress, rotation, vibration, crack, and spalling. The purpose of this review article is devoted\nto presenting a summary of the basic theories and practical applications of the machine vision-based technology employed in\nstructural monitoring as well as its systematic error sources and integration with other modern sensing techniques.
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