Amicrowave brain imaging systemmodel is envisaged to detect and visualize tumor inside the human brain.Acompact and efficient\nmicrostrip patch antenna is used in the imaging technique to transmit equivalent signal and receive backscattering signal from the\nstratified human head model. Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is incorporated on the antenna ground plane to enhance\nthe performance. Rectangular and circular EBG structures are proposed to investigate the antenna performance. Incorporation of\ncircular EBG on the antenna ground plane provides an improvement of 22.77% in return loss, 5.84% in impedance bandwidth,\nand 16.53% in antenna gain with respect to the patch antenna with rectangular EBG. The simulation results obtained from CST are\ncompared to those obtained from HFSS to validate the design. Specific absorption rate (SAR) of the modeled head tissue for the\nproposed antenna is determined. Different SAR values are compared with the established standard SAR limit to provide a safety\nregulation of the imaging system.Amonostatic radar-based confocal microwave imaging algorithm is applied to generate the image\nof tumor inside a six-layer human head phantom model.
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