First unequal error protection (UEP) proposals date back to the 1960�s (Masnick and Wolf; 1967), but now with the introduction\r\nof scalable video, UEP develops to a key concept for the transport of multimedia data. The paper presents an overview of some\r\nnew approaches realizing UEP properties in physical transport, especially multicarrier modulation, or with LDPC and Turbo\r\ncodes. For multicarrier modulation, UEP bit-loading together with hierarchical modulation is described allowing for an arbitrary\r\nnumber of classes, arbitrary SNR margins between the classes, and arbitrary number of bits per class. In Turbo coding, pruning,\r\nas a counterpart of puncturing is presented for flexible bit-rate adaptations, including tables with optimized pruning patterns. Bitand/\r\nor check-irregular LDPC codes may be designed to provide UEP to its code bits. However, irregular degree distributions alone\r\ndo not ensure UEP, and other necessary properties of the parity-check matrix for providing UEP are also pointed out. Pruning is\r\nalso the means for constructing variable-rate LDPC codes for UEP, especially controlling the check-node profile.
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