The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has been widely used in both military and civil fields. This study focuses on\nenhancing the carrier tracking ability of the phase-locked loop (PLL) in GNSS receivers for high-dynamic application. The\nPLL is a very popular and practical approach for tracking the GNSS carrier signal which propagates in the form of\nelectromagnetic wave. However, a PLL with constant coefficient would be suboptimal. Adaptive loop noise bandwidth\ntechniques proposed by previous researches can improve PLL tracking behavior to some extent. This paper presents a\nnovel PLL with an adaptive loop gain control filter (AGCF-PLL) that can provide an alternative. The mathematical model\nbased on second- and third-order PLL was derived. The error characteristics of the AGCF-PLL were also derived and\nanalyzed under different signal conditions, which mainly refers to the different combinations of carrier phase dynamic and\nsignal strength. Based on error characteristic curves, the optimal loop gain control method has been achieved to minimize\ntracking error. Finally, the completely adaptive loop gain control algorithm was designed. Comparable test results and\nanalysis using the new method, conventional PLL, FLL-assisted PLL, and FAB-LL demonstrate that the AGCF-PLL has\nstronger adaptability to high target movement dynamic
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