Small portable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers have revolutionized personal navigation through providing\r\nreal-time location information for mobile users. Nonetheless, signal fading due to multipath remains a formidable limitation\r\nand compromises the performance of GNSS receivers. Antenna diversity techniques, including spatial and polarization diversity,\r\ncan be used to mitigate multipath fading; however, the relatively large size of the spatially distributed antenna system required is\r\nincompatible with the small physical size constraints of a GNSS handheld receiver. User mobility inevitably results in motion of the\r\nhandset that can be exploited to achieve diversity gain through forming a spatially distributed synthetic array. Traditionally, such\r\nmotion has been construed as detrimental as it decorrelates the received signal undermining the coherent integration processing\r\ngain generally necessary for acquiring weak faded GNSS signals. In this paper the processing gain enhancement resulting from a\r\ndual-polarized synthetic array antenna, compatible with size constraints of a small handset that takes advantage of any user imposed\r\nmotion, is explored. ?eoretical analysis and experimental veri??cations attest the effectiveness of the proposed dual-polarized\r\nsynthetic array technique by demonstrating an improvement in the processing gain of the GNSS signal acquisition operation.
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