Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the important micro vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. In this study, effect of chebulic acid (CA) isolated from Terminalia chebula was evaluated on renal ischemia and reperfusion in diabetic rat models. Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and ischemia (30 min) alleviated various metabolic and nephropathy parameters. CA (25 mg/kg) effectively reduced the blood and urine glucose, serum and urine creatinine, blood and urine urea nitrogen, glycosylated hemoglobulin, proteinuria, urine albumin excretion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased serum insulin and glycogen level. CA also restored glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Improvement in kidney and pancreas was also noted in histopathological studies. These results suggest that CA at dose of 25 mg/kg attenuate diabetic nephropathy in rats....
To elucidate the clinico-physiological, haemato- biochemical parameters; the present study was carried out on 48 layer birds of above 2 months age that were divided into six groups consisting of 8 in each. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was treated with Imidacloprid @ 200 ppm in feed, group 3 was treated with vitamin C @ 200 ppm in feed, group 4 was treated with both Imidacloprid @ 200 ppm and vitamin C 200 ppm, group 5 was treated with Withania somnifera @ 500 ppm in feed and group 6 was treated with imidacloprid @ 200 ppm in feed + vitamin C @ 200 ppm in feed + Withania somnifera @ 500 ppm in feed. Clinical signs exhibited by the birds in groups 1, 3 and 6 were apparently healthy and the birds in group 2 were apparently healthy up to the end of 30 days, but later they started showing clinical symptoms like reduced feed intake, dullness, diarrhoea, decreased size of eggs and reduced production, with increasing severity as per the advancement in age. Reduction in body weights was observed in group 2 in comparison to group 1 and in groups 4 and 6 weights increased significantly (P<0.05) in comparison to group 2. Haematological studies revealed insignificant (P<0.05) decrease of Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC and lymphocytes in birds of group 2 in comparison to groups 1, 3 and 5. The biochemical assays showed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of glucose, total protein and albumin in group 2 in comparison to groups 1, 3, 5 and 6. In groups 2, 4 and 6, the serum creatinine, BUN levels, AST and ALT activity were significantly (P<0.05) increased when compared to groups 1, 3 and 5. The present study concludes that altered body weights, haematological, biochemical, parameters were recorded which might be due to imidacloprid-induced oxidative stress. Supplementation of vitamin C @ 200 ppm in feed and Withania somnifera @ 500 ppm in feed resulted in moderate protection to counteract the toxic effects of imidacloprid....
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is clinically characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. The present study is carried out to investigate the effect of methanolic extract of Juniperus communis (MEJC) leaves on reserpine induced catalepsy in rats. Catalepsy was induced by intra peritoneal (i.p) administration of reserpine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The methanolic extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg (i.p.) were screened for its efficacy against reserpine induced catalepsy in rats. The MEJC extract was found to reduce catalepsy significantly (p<0.001) as compared to the reserpine treated rats, maximum reduction was observed at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Thus the present study reveals the efficacy of MEJC in catalepsy....
The present study aims to evaluate the antitumor activity of various extracts of stem bark of Bauhinia variegata Linn., on DAL model in swiss albino mice. Evaluation of the antitumor effect on various extracts of stem bark on tumor growth and hosts survival time was made by the study of the following parameters: tumor volume, viable and non viable cell count and life span of host. The results showed decrease in tumor volume and cell viability. Histological studies revealed that, the liver sections of EAC tumor bearing mice treated with ethanol and chloroform extracts shown liver tissue with maintained architecture with less necrosis and few mitotically active hepatocytes. The results suggest that, the ethanol and chloroform extracts of stem bark of Bauhinia variegata Linn., exhibited significant antitumor activity on DAL bearing mice....
One of the therapeutic approaches for treating type 2 diabetes is to decrease the post-prandial hyperglycemia. Pancreatic alpha amylase inhibitors offer an effective approach to reduce the post-prandial hyperglycemia via cope of starch breakdown. In the present study, ayurvedic seeds, namely Myristica fragrans were subjected to sequential solvent extraction with petroleum ether, acetone and ethanol. These extract were subjected to phytochemical analysis as well as in-vitro alpha amylase inhibitory assay. The results indicated that phytochemical test indicated that ethanol extract of Myristica fragrans seeds containing alkaloid, tannin and flavonoid. In addition, ethanol extract of Myristica fragrans seeds showed appreciable alpha amylase with an IC50 value of 70.39 µg/ml, when compared with standard drug, acarbose (IC50 value 83.17 µg/ml). Thus, the possible mechanism action of the above extracts were due to their inhibitory effects on pancreatic alpha amylase enzyme, thereby reduction the rate of starch hydrolysis leading to decreased the glucose levels. This study suggested that presence of alkaloid, tannin and flavonoid might be responsible for possible inhibitory actions....
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of polyherbal formulation at dose (250, 500 mg/kg bw) in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. After 16 weeks of treatment biochemical parameters, antioxidants in kidney tissues were determined. Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, elevated glycosylated haemoglobin and elevated levels of serum urea, creatinine. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) were observed in diabetic kidney. Polyherbal formulation Significantly lowered the blood glucose level, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum urea, creatinine and significantly increased the plasma insulin level. In addition polyherbal formulation attenuated the antioxidants that are superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase and decreased the lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and improvement of renal function properties of polyherbal formulation may offer a potential therapeutic source for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy....
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