Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 6 Articles
Theaimof this study was to investigate and to compare the extractability, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability in vitro of antioxidative\ncompounds from bark of selected Salix species: S. alba (SA), S. daphnoides (SD), S. purpurea (SP), and S. daphnoides x purpurea\n(SDP) hybrid willow clones originating fromtheir natural habitats and cultivated on the sandy soil.The highest amount of phenolic\nglycosides was found in the bark of SDP and SD. The best source of phenolics was bark of SDP.The highest content of flavonoids\nwere found in SD bark samples, whereas the highest concentration of bioaccessible and bioavailable phenolic acids was determined\nin SDP bark. Bark of all tested Salix species showed significant antiradical activity. This properties are strongly dependent on\nextraction system and genetic factors. Regardless of Salix genotypes, the lowest chelating power was found for chemicallyextractable\ncompounds. Bark of all Salix species contained ethanol-extractable compounds with reducing ability. Besides this, high\nbioaccessibility and bioavailability in vitro of Salix bark phytochemicals were found. Obtained results indicate that extracts from\nbark tested Salix genotypes can provide health promoting benefits to the consumers; however, this problem requires further study....
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of supplementation of encapsulated probiotic organisms (Bifidobacterium bifidum 231) along with prebiotics (3% FOS) using 2% sodium alginate as encapsulating material in kulfi on viability of probiotics, certain physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of kulfi on initial, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th and 90th day of frozen storage. Three categories of kulfi mixes of 2.5 Kg each were formulated as per standard method. Control kulfi was made without supplementing probiotics, treatment I was supplemented with encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum 231 (@ 8.49 log10cfu/g), treatment II was supplemented with nonencapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum 231 (@ 8.35 log10cfu/g). The prepared kulfi samples were packaged in polystyrene cups asceptically and stored at -20°C. The results showed that the mean pH values of probiotic kulfi decreased from initial day to 90 days, whereas the mean titratable acidity values increased from initial day to 90 days of frozen storage. The results showed that the viable counts of non encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum 231 in kulfi were decreased to 6.92 log 10 cfu/g by 90 days frozen storage, whereas encapsulated probiotic bacterial cell counts were reduced to 7.89 log 10 cfu/g, respectively at the end of storage period. The addition of probiotic cultures either in encapsulated and non encapsulated states did not significantly affect the colour and appearance, flavour, body and texture and overall acceptability of kulfi over a storage period of 90 days at -20°C. The microencapsulation with prebiotics appears to enhance the survival abilities of probiotic bacteria in kulfi during freezing and frozen storage....
Abstract\nBackground: The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on age-related\nchanges in triglyceride and apolipoprotein (apo A-V) levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or\nnew-onset type 2 diabetes as a function of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism.\nMethods: We genotyped the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism in 203 Korean individuals with IFG or new-onset\ntype 2 diabetes for the TT (n = 91), TC (n = 98), and CC (n = 14) alleles. Plasma apo A-V and triglyceride levels were\nevaluated at baseline and after a 3-year dietary intervention.\nResults: Our results showed that HDL, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index, free fatty acids, and apo A-V decreased and\nbrachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased at the 3-year follow-up visit\ncompared with baseline. Plasma apo A-V levels were reduced in subjects with the C allele (TC or CC) (P = 0.036) and\ntriglyceride levels were reduced in subjects with the TT allele (P = 0.047). Subjects with the C allele showed lower\npost-treatment apo A-V and higher post-treatment fasting triglyceride levels than subjects with the TT allele.\nChanges in apo A-V and triglyceride levels were negatively correlated in subjects with the TT allele and positively\ncorrelated in subjects with the C allele.\nConclusions: This study showed that the dietary intervention prevented an age-related increase in triglyceride\nlevels in individuals with IFG or new-onset type 2 diabetes who possess the TT allele, but not the CT or CC allele, of\nthe APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism....
Beta-glucans are a heterogeneous group of natural polysaccharides mostly investigated for their immunological\neffects. Due to the low systemic availability of oral preparations, it has been thought that only parenterally applied\nbeta-glucans can modulate the immune system. However, several in vivo and in vitro investigations have revealed\nthat orally applied beta-glucans also exert such effects. Various receptor interactions, explaining possible mode of\nactions, have been detected. The effects mainly depend on the source and structure of the beta-glucans. In the\nmeantime, several human clinical trials with dietary insoluble yeast beta-glucans have been performed. The results\nconfirm the previous findings of in vivo studies. The results of all studies taken together clearly indicate that oral\nintake of insoluble yeast beta-glucans is safe and has an immune strengthening effect....
The search for knowledge regarding healthy/adequate food has increased in the last decades among the world population,\nresearchers, nutritionists, and health professionals. Since ancient times, humans have known that environment and food can\ninterfere with an individualââ?¬â?¢s health condition, and have used food and plants as medicines.With the advance of science, especially\nafter the conclusion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), scientists started questioning if the interaction between genes and food\nbioactive compounds could positively or negatively influence an individualââ?¬â?¢s health. In order to assess this interaction between genes\nand nutrients, the term ââ?¬Å?Nutrigenomicsââ?¬Â was created. Hence, Nutrigenomics corresponds to the use of biochemistry, physiology,\nnutrition, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics to seek and explain the existing reciprocal\ninteractions between genes and nutrients at a molecular level. The discovery of these interactions (gene-nutrient) will aid the\nprescription of customized diets according to each individualââ?¬â?¢s genotype. Thus, it will be possible to mitigate the symptoms of\nexisting diseases or to prevent future illnesses, especially in the area of Nontransmissible Chronic Diseases (NTCDs), which are\ncurrently considered an important world public health problem....
Pharmaceutical and nutritional sciences have recently witnessed a bloom in the scientific literature geared towards the use of food\nplants for their diversified health benefits and potential clinical applications. Health professionals now recognize that a synergism\nof drug therapy and nutrition might confer optimum outcomes in the fight against diseases.Theprophylactic benefits of food plants\nare being investigated for potential use as novel medicinal remedies due to the presence of pharmacologically active compounds.\nAlthough the availability of scientific data is rapidly growing, there is still a paucity of updated compilation of data and concerns\nabout the rationale of these health-foods still persist in the literature. This paper attempts to congregate the nutritional value,\nphytochemical composition, traditional uses, in vitro and in vivo studies of 10 common medicinal food plants used against chronic\nnoncommunicable and infectious diseases. Food plants included were based on the criteria that they are consumed as a common\nfood in a typical diet as either fruit or vegetable for their nutritive value but have also other parts which are in common use in folk\nmedicine. The potential challenges of incorporating these medicinal foods in the diet which offers prospective opportunities for\nfuture drug development are also discussed....
Loading....