Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 8 Articles
This study determined the associations between alcohol use exposures, marketing, education, and problem drinking and\r\ndrunkenness among youth living in the slums of Kampala. This cross-sectional study of youth was conducted in 2011 to quantify\r\nand describe high-risk behavior and exposures in a convenience sample (?? = 457) of urban youth living in the slums, 14ââ?¬â??24 years\r\nof age, who were participating in a drop-in center for disadvantaged street youth. Logistic regression analyses were computed\r\nto determine associations between alcohol use exposures, marketing exposures, alcohol education, and problem drinking and\r\ndrunkennesswhile controlling for possible confounders.Among participants, 30.2% reported problem drinking and 32.8% reported\r\ndrunkenness. Inmultivariate analyses, obtaining free drinks was associatedwith problem drinking (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI = 1.23ââ?¬â??4.96)\r\nand drunkenness (AOR: 2.40; 95% CI = 1.22ââ?¬â??4.70) after controlling for potential confounders. Alcohol education measures were\r\nnot significantly associated with either problem drinking or drunkenness inmultivariate analyses. There are important associations\r\nbetween alcohol marketing and drinking among these youth. Moreover, the findings underscore the need for additional research\r\nrelated to the impact of alcohol marketing among vulnerable youth and also the need for policy regulations that restrict alcohol\r\nmarketing that involve providing free alcohol directly to youth....
Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid II insecticide, used worldwide in different agricultural uses. Chronic human exposure was associated with many health hazards. This study was conducted to evaluate CYP human exposure adverse events including biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters. Leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were common hematological non- significantly changed (P>0.05). Biochemical parameters considered namely SOD, CAT, GSH, GSSG, GPx and TNO levels were determined revealing significant decrease (P<0.05-0.001) compared to normal control samples. Immunophenotyping of T cell subtypes was performed; CD3, CD4 and CD8 count changes were monitored using flow-cytometery where CD3 was significantly elevated in indirectly exposed group (IDEG) (P< 0.05), while CD4 showed non-significant changes in both partially exposed group (PEG)and indirectly exposed group , (P>0.05) , while direct exposed one (DEG) showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). On the other hand CD8 count was significantly elevated in both PEG and IDEG respectively, (P<0.05).Also, CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly reduced in cases of IDEG and PEG (P<0.05- P<0.001). P53 gene sequencing and mutational changes were traced, where exon -5a pattern alternation was detected in 54 %( DEG) and 37 % (IEG) with mutational alignments at nitrogenous base no (56); (T) thymine base replaced with adenine (A) . Both exon-5b and exon-8 showed no changes. In the mean time, tested samples of DEG and PEG showed 18% and 33% pattern changes in both exon-6 and 7 respectively, while exon -7 in case of (IDEG) showed pattern alteration with 37% with mutational alignments at nitrogenous base no (96) ; cytosine(C) replaced with adenine base (A) and also at nitrogenous base no (123) thymine (T) was replaced with adenine base (A)....
Over the years, research has revealed that yoga is beneficial in stress reduction, weight loss, and increased\r\nfitness. Yoga has also been found to be valuable in the treatment and prevention of numerous medical conditions\r\nincluding diabetes, obesity, depression and cardiovascular disease.In fact, yoga fosters a lifestyle that promotes\r\nbetter heart function, through a holistic health approach developing the mind-body relationship. Recently, studies\r\nhave confirmed that the regular practice of yoga has been beneficial in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular\r\ndisease and conditions such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and some arrhythmias. In light of these\r\nfindings, yoga has gained popularity in the medical field, including with physicians that specialize in the fields of\r\ncardiology and neurology. Improving our understanding of the interactions between the brain and the cardiovascular\r\nsystem has paved a way in unlocking the connection of mind body control. This article summarizes the current role\r\nof yoga in treating cardiovascular conditions....
Aim. To determine the score and frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female college students and to detect the\r\npossible risk factors of PMS. A trial of life style modification regarding prevention and control of PMS symptoms was carried out\r\nusing counseling. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 253 El-Minia University unmarried female\r\nstudents. A self-administered questionnaire inquiring about symptoms of PMS in the previous three months and risk factors\r\npossibly related to it was used. PMS score was calculated.Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine which of several\r\nbiopsychosocial and dietary factors influenced PMS. Life style modification counseling was done to prevent and control PMS.\r\nResults.The study revealed that 80.2% of the participants experienced various degrees of PMS symptoms which were significantly\r\nassociated with a family history of PMS, physical inactivity, habitual excess consumption of coffee, BMI, frequent consumption\r\nof fast food, and smoking, but these factors explained only 52% of the variability in the logistic regression model. Conclusion. We\r\nrecommend the introduction of a reproductive health component into school and college health education programs and encourage\r\nfemale adolescents and young adults to adopt a healthy behavior....
High-volume horizontal hydraulic fracturing of shale formations has the potential to make natural gas a significant, economical\r\nenergy source, but the potential for harm to human health is often dismissed by proponents of this method.While adverse health\r\noutcomes of medical conditions with long latency periods will not be evident for years and will depend on the exposure, duration\r\nof exposure, dose, and other factors, we argue that it would be prudent to begin to track and monitor trends in the incidence and\r\nprevalence of diseases that already have been shown to be influenced by environmental agents. The dirty downside of modern,\r\nunconventional natural gas development, as well as the potential for harm, is discussed....
Introduction. Two great changes in developed countries are taking place: populations are ageing and becoming increasingly\r\noverweight. Combination of these factors with shift work is a risk factor for work ability and mental workload that are dynamic\r\nprocesses which change greatly throughout an individual�s work life. The aim of this study was to investigate mental workload and\r\nwork ability in textile workers and to identify factors which affect work ability and mental workload. Methods. This cross-sectional\r\nstudy was carried out among 194 male workers in textile industry. Employees based on their job group and work conditions have\r\nbeen divided into 6 categories. They completed work ability index and mental workload questionnaires during three work shifts.\r\nBody mass index (BMI) and demographic details were recorded. Results. All of the participants rated their work ability as moderate\r\nwith high mental workload. The mean WAI and mental workload in age group were significant. The mean BMI was 25.5 kg/m2\r\n(standard deviation 4.1) and the mean age was 40.22 years. There was a statistically significant correlation between work ability\r\nindex and shift work. Conclusions. Unlike the previous study, a decrease point in WAI started in early age that may be due to lifestyle\r\nwork and another psychological factor; on the other hand, NASA-TLX revealed high score in six subscales that can be another\r\nreason for lowWAI....
A lot of debate has been going on since the past few years about the consumption of cow or buffalo milk which have been exogenously injected with the hormone oxytocin. A few television channels and news papers of national and local even went further and forecasted the harmful effects of drinking oxytocin injected milk in humans. The media have taken the opinion of a few veterinary and medical doctors in support of their show, and most of the these experts had a view that consumption of such a milk with oxytocin is harmful especially to young children and adolescents who may face a threat of hormonal imbalance besides other problems. This paper describes the myths and facts about residual effects of exogenous administration of this hormone in human and veterinary medicine along with its indiscriminate use in dairy cattle to evacuate the udder....
Mind-body interventions, such as yoga, that teach stress management with physical activity may be well suited\r\nfor investigation in both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.In order to be considered as viable care options\r\nintegrative studies need to offer a comprehensive design and include clinicians familiar with the disease process of\r\nthe study populations.A review of the literature reveals a dearth of information related to the collaboration between\r\nyoga and physical rehabilitation medicine.This article discusses the collaboration with physical rehabilitation\r\nmedicine to collect relevant pre- and post-intervention measures for an on-going pilot acceptability/feasibility yoga\r\nstudy for minority patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.\r\nAn interdisciplinary clinical research team selected psychosocial and physical measures for a community sample\r\nof bilingual minority patients, not typically identified as practicing yoga. Sixteen female adults aged 40-63 years\r\n(mean =51) completed baseline physical assessments using single leg stance, functional reach test, time up and\r\ngo test, timed up from the floor test and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand measures.Baseline values\r\nshow an average level of functional ability prior to beginning the intervention.Preliminary results indicate some\r\nimprovement; however, selected measures may not have the sensitivity and specificity needed to identify significant\r\nchange.In this study, combining interdisciplinary perspectives enhanced the quality of the research study design.The\r\nexperience of this interdisciplinary clinical research team opens the discussion for future collaborations....
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